House Bill of Lading (HBL)
分提單
定義 (Definition)
由貨運代理簽發給實際發貨人的提單,證明代理已接收貨物並承諾運送,通常用於併櫃(LCL)作業。
B/L issued by freight forwarder to actual shipper, evidencing cargo receipt and transport commitment, typically used for LCL.
實務範例 (Example)
LCL 出貨:發貨人持 HBL 為憑證;代理持 MBL 向船公司提貨後,再根據 HBL 分配貨物給各收貨人。
LCL shipment: Shipper holds HBL; forwarder uses MBL to collect cargo from carrier, then distributes per HBL to consignees.
常見誤區 (Pitfalls)
- HBL 的法律效力低於 MBL(因船公司不認 HBL)
- 若代理倒閉,HBL 持有人需透過 MBL 向船公司主張權利
- HBL 提貨需先由代理完成 MBL 提貨程序
HBL legal effect is weaker than MBL (carrier doesn't recognize HBL); forwarder bankruptcy requires MBL claim.